Regarding for every society a haphazard decide to try was taken. Pets was in fact anesthetized with a few droplets from liquids over loaded which have chloroform and you will ladies, always over 20 (but LMT, which underwent a high death in the culture) have been split up regarding other people. The second morphological parameters was indeed quantified for the for every ladies: full duration; abdominal length; depth off third intestinal segment; width of your ovisac; period of furca; quantity of setae registered for each part of your own furca; depth regarding direct; maximal diameter and you will range between substance vision; duration of basic antenna; together with ratio intestinal length ? 100/overall length. Figure 2 illustrates this type of previously mentioned muscles procedures. In all circumstances, the same number of individuals for each duration period are integrated in check not to bias efficiency from sampling. Preadult individuals were considered as really.
Two analyses was indeed carried out: very first, most of the observations was basically labeled of the form of inhabitants (bisexual diploid, parthenogenetic diploid and you will parthenogenetic tetraploid); throughout the second research, the latest separation criterion is actually the origin of one’s population
This multivariate procedure provides a series of variables (Z1, Z2,…), Which are linear functions of the morphological variables studied, with the form Zn = ?1X2+?2X2+… (Where ?s are the calculated discriminant coefficients and Xs the variables being considered). They maximize the ong different groups of observations defined a priori (Anderson, 1984). Thus, the first discriminant function is the equation of a line cutting across the intermixed cluster of points representing the different observations. This function is constructed in such a way that the different predefined groups will evaluate it as differently as possible. Obviously, this will not be accomplished if the number of groups is high, and subsequent discriminant functions will be needed. These analyses have been performed using a backward stepwise procedure that allows removing the different variables out of the model separately and ranking them for their relative importance in discriminating Artemia populations. Nevertheless, all described variables were kept in the model. These calculations have been performed with the help of the statistical package Statgraphics v. 3.0 (Statistical Graphics Corp., Rockville, MD) run on an IBM AT personal computer.
In Table II, the results obtained when the type of population was used as a separation factor are displayed. The two functions found give 100% separation, and both are statistically highly significant (P<0.001). Morphological characteristics allow a clear differentiation among the three groups considered (Table II, groups centroids). The morphological characteristics that most significantly contribute to the discrimination among the three groups are : lengh of first antenna, width of head and those related to the form and size of the head, the ratio abdominal length/total length in form of percentage and the width of ovisac and abdomen (Table II).
Results of the second analysis (factor of separation is population of origin) are shown uniformdating prices in Table III and Figure 3. In this case, 12 discriminant functions are needed in order to separate thoroughly the 27 populations, but the first five of them give a cummulative separation percentage of (the four discriminant functions shown in Table III give a % cummulative separation). The first eight functions calculated are highly statistically significant (P,0.001), the ninth is also significant (P<0.05) and the last three are not significant. The morphological characteristics that most signifiantly contribute to separate the groups in this case are : distance between eyes, eye diameter, length of the first antenna and all variable related to the shape and size of the head and the length of the furca (Table III).